📘 Educational Documentation: Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in Python
Development Environment:
Terminal: Warp
IDE: IntelliJ IDEA with Python Plugin
- What is Object-Oriented Programming (OOP)?
Object-Oriented Programming is a paradigm that organizes code around "objects" that represent real-world entities with properties (attributes) and behaviors (methods).
Key Concepts:
Class: Blueprint to create objects.
Object: Instance of a class.
Attribute: Characteristic of an object.
Method: Behavior or action of an object.
Encapsulation: Hiding internal details of an object.
Inheritance: Reusing code through class hierarchies.
Polymorphism: Ability of different classes to respond to the same method differently.
Abstraction: Modeling relevant objects while hiding unnecessary complexity.
Everyday Example:
A Person is a class. João and Maria are objects of this class. They have attributes like name and age, and methods like speak or walk.
- Setting Up the Environment
Warp Terminal
Download and install Warp (https://www.warp.dev/)
Use the terminal to navigate to your project directory.
IntelliJ IDEA with Python Plugin
Download IntelliJ IDEA (https://www.jetbrains.com/idea/)
Go to Preferences → Plugins → Marketplace and install the "Python" plugin.
Create a new Python project (File → New Project → Python).
Set up the virtual environment:
- Creating Your First Class and Object
Class: Person
- Encapsulation
Hides internal data of the object, allowing controlled access.
- Inheritance
Allows a class to inherit attributes and methods from another class.
- Polymorphism
Allows methods with the same name to behave differently depending on the class.
- Abstraction with abc
Create abstract classes with mandatory methods.
- Practical Project: User Registration System
Structure:
Base class: User
Subclasses: Admin, Client
Methods: show_data(), validate_age()
- Tips with IntelliJ + Warp
Use shortcut Shift + Shift to search any file/command.
Use integrated terminal with Warp to run and test your scripts.
Enable debug mode: Run → Debug and set breakpoints beside the line numbers.
10. Illustration: Class Structure
(Add diagram with labels: class, attributes, methods, inheritance)
I can generate an image representing this structure. Would you like it now?
✅ Conclusion
Object-Oriented Programming allows you to create more organized, reusable, and scalable applications. With Python, these concepts are applied in a simple and clear way. Practice by creating your own classes and relationships!
If you'd like, I can continue expanding this content with:
Practical exercises
Guided projects
Learning checklists
Visual explanations per concept
BONUS
Mini Game:
Story-Style Explanation
Imagine you are playing with building blocks. Each block is special:
A blue block is a Rabbit — it hops.
A green block is a Turtle — it walks slowly.
A brown block is a Horse — it runs fast.
You build your toy and say: "Block, run!" And each one runs in its own way!
This is what Object-Oriented Programming does: you tell the object what to do (like "run!"), and each object does it in its own unique way.