Top 20 Software Testing Interview Questions and Answers
This blog presents a collection of the top 20 Software Testing interview questions and answers, divided into beginner and advanced sections. Whether you are new to the field or an experienced professional, this guide will help strengthen your understanding and technical proficiency.
- What is Software Testing?
Software Testing is the process of examining a software application to identify bugs and ensure it aligns with the defined requirements.
- What are the different types of Software Testing?
Software Testing is categorized into three primary types:
Functional Testing: Unit Testing, Integration Testing, System Testing, Acceptance Testing
Non-Functional Testing: Performance Testing, Security Testing, Usability Testing, Compatibility Testing
Maintenance Testing: Regression Testing, Retesting
- What are the different levels of Software Testing?
Unit Testing – Examines individual software components.
Integration Testing – Evaluates the interaction between modules.
System Testing – Tests the entire software application.
User Acceptance Testing (UAT) – Confirms the software meets business requirements.
- What is White Box Testing?
A testing methodology where testers assess the internal structure, logic, and security of the code.
- What is Grey Box Testing?
A hybrid approach combining Black Box and White Box testing, where testers have partial knowledge of the internal architecture.
A testing approach in which functionality is verified without insight into the internal code structure.
- What is a Test Case?
A test case is a set of predefined conditions, steps, and expected outcomes used to validate a specific feature or functionality of a software application.
- What are the key components of a Test Case?
Test Case ID
Test Scenario
Preconditions
Test Steps
Expected Outcome
Actual Result
Status (Pass/Fail)
- What is a Test Plan?
A Test Plan is a structured document outlining the objectives, scope, schedule, and resources required for the testing process.
- What is a Test Strategy?
A high-level document that describes the overall approach and methodology for testing a software application.
- What is the Defect Life Cycle?
New – A newly identified defect.
Assigned – Allocated to a developer for resolution.
Open – Under analysis by the developer.
Fixed – Defect is resolved by the developer.
Retest – The tester verifies the fix.
Verified – Confirmed as fixed.
Closed – Marked as resolved.
- What is the difference between Severity and Priority in Testing?
Severity: Measures the impact of a defect on the system’s functionality (Critical, Major, Minor).
Priority: Determines the urgency of resolving the defect (High, Medium, Low).
- What is Automation Testing?
Automation Testing optimizes the software development process by utilizing tools and scripts to execute test cases, reducing human effort and improving efficiency compared to manual testing.
- What are some popular Automation Testing tools?
Appium
JMeter
Cypress
- What is Selenium?
Selenium is an open-source test automation framework used to validate web applications across multiple browsers and platforms. It supports various programming languages such as Java, Python, C#, and JavaScript.
- What are the different locators in Selenium?
ID
Name
Class Name
CSS Selector
XPath
- What is Regression Testing?
Regression Testing ensures that recent code modifications have not disrupted the existing functionality of an application. It involves re-executing previously run test cases to confirm stability after updates or bug fixes.
- What are the different types of Performance Testing?
Load Testing
Stress Testing
Scalability Testing
- What is Security Testing?
Security Testing is conducted to uncover vulnerabilities, threats, and risks in a software system to prevent cyberattacks and unauthorized data access.
- What is API Testing?
API Testing verifies the reliability, functionality, security, and performance of Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) to ensure they return correct responses and handle errors effectively.
